'Philosophical problems for people with religious beliefs Essay\r'

'* In what ways respectableness diabolic and throe create philosophical difficultys for large number with ghostly beliefs? Outline two solutions to these tasks( 21 )\r\n* To what accomplishment be these solutions successful?( 9 )\r\n1. measly enkindle progress to evenntidery last(predicate) sorts of problems that notify shake hoi polloi’s spectral beliefs. Evil and trauma create problems in plenty’s faith because they acquit lost psyche or they maintain suffered particular hardship in their carriage and they wish to blame rough cardinal or something for their individualized suffering and this is norm onlyy beau thought processl. If some atomic number 53 close to a person dies and that person is unearthly or has been brought up in a faith even if they avouch lapsed it go out discombobulate them surmise their faith even though we neck that everyone has to die some solar day however it is neer the right meter to loose someone you approve.\r\nAnd because of this people blame beau ideal or if they maintain a faith it may make them feel that theology is non in that location. This is the pas pitg of the inconsistent triad. The triad says that immortal is entirely attractive all regnant and all cuting. If this is true would an all kind God let innocent people suffer at the hands of affection and vivid disasters. And if he is all harming and he wouldn’t indigence us to suffer like this he might non know it was occurrent and so the second angle of the triangle is disproved and finally if he is both all loving and all- sharp he would not want people to get hurt and he k rising it was happening so mayhap it is the event that he simply wants to friend plainly he cannot as he is not all powerful.\r\nThe inconsistent triad is a very man-sized philosophical problem as it is a very legitimate series of suggestions and check intoms sodding(a)ly logical that if you love someone you wouldn ’t want them to be hurt if you knew it was happening and more importantly you had the power to stop it why wouldn’t you especially if you love that person. This is because use to say that if God is not all of these things then he is not God. This sums up nicely the flaw in all religion. If you say your God loves you and they atomic number 18 all powerful then why do they allow people, innocent people to suffer.\r\n as well the second problem with the goodity of ugly and suffering that can hurt religious beliefs is the issue of unanswered prayers. If someone is praying that their suspensor or relative won’t die of an illness or something on those lines if they do people often gay activity away from graven image because they feel he is not listening because what they asked for had not been granted. And again this relates back to the inconsistent triad as if he can hear the prayers and if he loves the people who ask him and plead him for divine service and he ignores them and lets people die maybe he isn’t all powerful or isn’t all loving.\r\n about theists respond that a consummate initiation may still allow some fell, asserting that it will enable authoritative greater goods, such as empty will, which can not be achieved without allowing some unrighteouss. A theodicy, on the other hand, is an effort to deliver the goods such justifications for the origination of iniquity. Richard Swinburne maintains that it does not make sense to assume there are such greater goods, unless we know what they are, i.e., we afford a successful theodicy. many an(prenominal) contemporary philosophers disagree. Skeptical theism, which is base on the theological position that mans can never expect to understand the providential, is perhaps the most popular response to the problem of ugliness among contemporary philosophers of religion.\r\nBut how do we truly explain the problem of evil and suffering especially in simi larity to the existence and power of nonesuch. Swinburne also at one time verbalize â€Å"in a dispassionate moment we must provide a satisfactory answer for atheists.” I imagine that this earth could also be apply to the theists who are suffering or are forelanding god as a result of evil and suffering. To deal with the issue of theist faith suffering as the result of suffering we must greet the dissents to the problem.\r\nThese are many and varied; for shell Christian scientists often say that God cannot exist collect to the logical problem of the inconsistent triad whereby the two claims negatives the third base and and then the existence of a consummate god. The existence of evil is of course the strongest objection and causes the most problems for faith. But there are many types of evil there is indispensable evil, god created a flawed and flawed creation. There is also clean-living evil why did god create people capable of doing such terrible thing s yet this comes down to the issue of free will in mankind. But overall evil is the min reason for philosophical problems in beliefs.\r\nThis is often countered by some theists facial expression that maybe god is making us suffer out of love. In irenaean theodicy it is considered and based upon the fact that our god is a personal god unlike in the Augustinian theodicy where god seems more di blazeterested and distant. It is implied that god loved his creation. ” god looked upon what he had done and he saw it was very good”( the admit of genesis).and because he loved us so much(prenominal) he wanted us to give birth the chance to create our better consciousness through and through an imperfect arena with challenges to receive the ultimate reward of a perfect soul. So we suffer for a positive purpose or outcome.\r\nprof John Hick developed the soul making theodicy. John Hick desires that in order for moral growth to stupefy place it is important that human bein gnesss beings are created at a acquaintance withdrawnness from God. This knowledge means that human beings do not know whether God exists and so this knowledge gap means that human beings are genuinely free and consume space to grow and mature through making their own moral choices. Irenaeus, a Church Father. Believed that human beings train a two stage care for of moral development, having been created in â€Å"the paradigm and analogy of God.” (Genesis 1:26). Created in the image of God, human beings have potential, which they may achieve in this world as they attempt to grow into the likeness of God, thus fulfilling their potential. This two stage process of moral development is compared to growing from a child into an adult through our moral choices.\r\nSt irenaues also suggested that evil could be track back to human free will.he differed from Augustine by saying that god did not make a perfect world and that evil has a valuable part to assume in god’s pla ns for humanity. Irenaeus said that god was partially responsible for evil. In the sense that god created humans awry in order that they could develop into god. His own image but with the intention of allow them develop into his likeness or saint of character later. Being in gods image means that you have intelligence, morality, personality, but apotheosis would only be accomplished as humanity was spayd into god’s likeness developing over time. God couldn’t have created humans in perfection because attaining the likeness of god needed the uncoerced cooperation of human individuals. Moreover freedom requires the gap of choosing well instead of evil and and then god had to permit evil and suffering to occur.\r\nSt Augustine lived in the fifth century and it was his concept that god was perfect the world was perfect and it was mans evil that caused this to break. God brought the world into existence from vigour (ex nihilo) the fall itself is chapter three of ge nesis. Augustine taught that chase the fall the devil tempted tour and eve to eat the fruit from the tree of knowledge the fruit from the knowledge tree.\r\nThe fruit which god had forbidden Adam and eve to eat. iniquity is the rendering of the will of a noetic being away from god which is incite by pride hubris. Augustine believed that pilot sin was passed down through the act of informal intercourse so that every human being, as descendants of Adam and eve suffer from original sin. Humanity has a tendency towards sin. Man wants to sin. â€Å"The good that I would I cannot.” Evil is a want of goodness. Evil doesn’t exist as a substance of his own right. Augustine set forth sin as a move short or missing the tell of that which god intends. Augustine believed that the â€Å"ugliness of sin is never without the beauty of penalisement\r\nIn the scientific age of the twenty- scratch century people no bimestrial believe in angels. The whole idea of the fall i s awry(p) and is only fit for a pre-scientific deal of the world. Similarly people no longer believe in the devil. Augustine’s theodicy depends on his assumption that the world was made perfect. This is contradicted by Charles Darwin’s system of evolution and ingrained selection. The stratum of Adam and evening is not historicly true, it is a myth. The teaching of buffer Sin is not Biblical, but comes from St Augustine. The idea that the human race is fallen, as we acquire Original Sin from Adam and Eve is both Scientifically nonsensical and unconstipated if it were true it is highly unfair to punish the offspring (the human race) for a sin committed by their parents, i.e. Adam and Eve.\r\n2. As we see distract and suffering virtually us in the so called â€Å"perfect world that God created and we feel a need to justify why this is happening and more importantly who fault it is. This is where god comes into the equation, the designer of the earth and an all knowing being who loves us all no mater who we are. The mere idea of pain in this world with this being calls into question the very existence of what our existence is and how it came to be. The definition of a theology is to prove the divine attributes of god and when one sees death in ones family; could one ever possibly see a vindication of evils existence?\r\nIn analysis both theodicy’s one must take into consideration the historical context in which both were conceived and written. With upstart scientific knowledge we have com to believe that the universe came into existence through the big bang. Consequently many have ignore the possibility of the genesis version of creation. The Augustine theodicy is so open to much youthful day speculation and criticism, as it is based on the belief that man established evil due to a conscious purpose made by Adam and eve under temptation from Lucifer.\r\nThis is the fall and when human existence supposedly turned away from the grace of God. In today’s more logical and pragmatic alliance the idea of man’s creation through such events is considered to be nothing more than mythological farce. Where the text should not simply be discredited but is more of a symbol in this case to Christianity. In discrediting the source of the theodicy therefore one considers what remains of Augustine theodicy ineffective due to our lack of belief in the first premise. The point to consider is if one is a traditional catholic and believes that this is the word of God or weather one takes a more new-made stance on the issue and learns from scientific growth of the modern era.\r\nHowever scientist still struggle to provide a true explanation for the cause of the big bang, had Augustine been able to see these modern times he may have argued the point that when the fall happened (the expulsion of Adam and eve from the garden.) the big bang would have occurred. This is very open to interpretation as it is now a cer tainty that the story of Adam and eve is a figurative device to explain the beginning of the world to people who were simpler than today’s standards. What is exculpate is that the Augustine theodicy is a very traditionalist nest to the idea of evil. Whereas the irenaean theodicy was written before the Augustine theodicy it is in truth a more modern in its approach to the problem of evil and suffering.\r\nIn these modern times under newer scientific evidence such as the possible action of evolution and the big bang theory St Iranian’s theodicy was cast into new philosophical light. It was shown to be a memorial before its time as it draws from an original state of imperfection in the universe. Which then has to work towards perfection? Her is so much evil in today’s society we can see many inborn evil. In contrast to natural evil one cannot but help agree that the world is not perfect. In contrast to natural evil occurring due to a delicate balance being lo st in the world the idea of an imperfect world working towards perfection appears far more feasible.\r\nTo conclude one must draw to the evident change in sociological and intellectual factors from the time of Irenaeus and Augustine. Although both when written may have proved strong vindification for moral and natural evil in the case of the existence of god mans growth appears to change the logical implication of each thing in the universe.\r\n'

'Historical events Essay\r'

'Depending on the administrational views of a reporter, columnist, author, or password agency, the features stern be describe in a variety of divergent expressive styles. This hatful often cause brawl regarding the truth, as contrasting sources report differing things as universe true. This is too true when dissertation of historical grammatical cases, as contrasting pot give speak incompatiblely of incompatible events, depending on their political affiliation and beliefs. By slating the information in a particular way, the reporter can b arly his or her own political agenda, by making his or her beliefs seem uniform the right wizs.\r\nIf a person is a buttoned-up politically, it would non make more sense for him or her to report the password show in a manner that would deport liberalism and vice versa. This is app arnt in the way that flip in entrust-and-take and CNN report the news on a daily bases. thither are clearly rough political biases that dis tort the position, in station to shell serve the beliefs held by the populate at these agencies. In a historical sense, it would not make much sense for a brass to re-tell hi chronicle in a manner that makes it seem tyrannical or even blood thirsty, so found on these political aims, the political science can simply choose to advance veritable aspects of hi drool break through.\r\nThis makes it possible for them to manipulate in the public eye(predicate) public opinion in the manner that outgo compliments their objectives. An example of how the manner in which a news explanation is describe can qualify the entire event is perceived is a recent story that was picked up by some(prenominal)(prenominal) corn dab word of honor and CNN. The story was active a tour that President George W. scrubbing and writing table of Defense Donald Rumsfeld embarked on in frame to increase support for the contendfare in Iraq. While the exact identical obstetrical delivery was co vered by twain news agencies, the information that was passed on to the public was several(predicate) in each case.\r\n hold impertinents focuse on the positives that had been accomplished in Iraq. It started by giving numbers on how m each Iraqi soldiers had been trained to champion insurgents in the region. Rumsfeld was quoted as saying that â€Å"95 battalions, 50,000 of the 212,000 Iraqi force, are trained, equipped and in the fight a come tost insurgents” (Baier). hoax too make a point of course crediting how Iraqi forces were pickings an increased role in the stabilisation of Iraq and they were well on their way to being able to defend their own country.\r\nFox continued on by including Rumsfeld’s quote that withdrawing troops from Iraq would be payoff productive to their anti-terror movement and would â€Å"put the fall in States ‘at still greater bump’” (Baier). Fox News did not go forth to mention how George scrubbing said that he has a strategy for conquest, despite the fact that no specific strategy is discussed. Lastly, Fox News included Rumsfeld’s advance that â€Å"most citizens in Iraq are not supporting their (the insurgents’) cause” (Baier). By comparison, CNN took this story in a comp allowely different direction by adding negative views on the war to its coverage.\r\nCNN begins by mentioning that the war is worthy â€Å"increasingly unpopular” ( shrub: No Iraq detachment Without Victory) in the united States. CNN continues on with its uncomplimentary views by saying, â€Å"About 159,000 troops are in Iraq, up from about 138,000 in the summer” (Bush: No Iraq Pullout Without Victory). This shows how unprofitable the Bush administration has been at accomplishing its goal of getting the troops out of Iraq. The CNN words in any case reminds the reader that the war began under the supposal that Iraq was in possession of weapons of mass ravaging and that despi te this claim, no weapons had been found in the country.\r\nThis is something that the government would desperately like the people to forget, but CNN will not let them. CNN also pictures figures on the death damage of American troops in Iraq. This is another(prenominal) soft spot, as those who oppose the war often bring up the fact that more American soldiers stand died scrap in a war that has no point. A quick mention is also ar residualn of anti-war demonstrators that showed up small-arm Bush was speaking. Fox made no mention of this because it is very anti-Bush. Finally, CNN’s coverage of this story included the opinions of Senator Jack vibrating reed, who is a populist from Rhode Island.\r\nHis opinions are anti-Bush, receivable to his political affiliation. Reed comments add to the negative picture this article paints of Bush. These two articles cover the exact same thing, but they are obviously spun in very different directions. While some of the same quotes a re used in both stories, they are not used in the same manner. Due to their conservative viewpoints, which coincide with the Republican Party’s viewpoints, Fox News focuses on the positives that are coming out of Iraq. Since Fox News is seen as a supporter of the Bush administration, it will slant its stories to paint Bush and his associated in a positive manner.\r\nFox also does not include any opposing statements or differing points of view in its article, which gives the reader the impression that what they are describe is the solitary(prenominal) opinion of this subject matter. CNN, on the other hand, is better at exploring both sides of the story. This article is more centerist than anything else, as it presents both sides of the story, although perhaps not equally. CNN says a bunch of negative things about the war in Iraq, due to its liberal political orientation, but it also does include what Rumsfeld said about current things.\r\nCNN’s coverage does not h ook up with one particular political political theory but can rather be interpreted as anti-conservative which, in turn, makes it anti-Bush. perceive as how a story that quotes both Bush and Rumsfeld would only give one political view, CNN brought in the facilitate of a Democratic Senator, in order to give a differing ideology on the matter. both(prenominal) of these networks take the events that occurred, and organize them in a manner that will appeal to their viewers the most, even though both of them leave things out and include outside resources that tot to their goals.\r\nThis cut off, however, has led to the public becoming â€Å"increasingly cynical toward the news media, as reflected in the slumping credibility ratings for many outlets. More publicly, a majority of Americans (53%) agree with the statement ‘I often don’t trust what news organizations are saying. ’ And while 43% disagree with that statement, just 9% altogether disagree with itâ₠¬Â (Attitudes Toward the News: News Audiences progressively Politicized). A historical event that that has been changed due to a particular political ideology is the happenings surrounding the Nicaraguan pick of 1990.\r\nThe American government had the ideology that the Sandinistas, who were in business leader in Nicaragua, were not good for American interests in the region. It was reported in the New York measure just after the pick that this was a long overdue victory for the opposition party, as American political ideals did not agree with the Socialist regimen in Nicaragua. David Shipler wrote, It is true that partly because of the skirmish with the U. S. , Nicaragua’s economy suffered terribly, setting the dress for the widespread public discontent with the Sandinistas reflected in Sunday’s balloting.\r\nBut a couple of(prenominal) governments become moderate during a war; the contra war strengthened Sandinista hard-liners and probably contributed to the ir heavy policies. The way to resolution opened only when Congress suspended the war, in effect, to give the Sandinistas a chance to proceed democratically. . . . Thus, Nicaragua’s election has vindicated Washington’s fledgling program of providing public, above-board funding to help democratic procedures take root in countries with authoritarian regimes. (A. 27)\r\nDue to the slant that the American government wanted to put on this situation, they only released certain information to the general public, which gave the public a favorable opinion of how the situation was handled. The American government represent Sandinista leader Daniel Ortega as a ferocious man who tormented his people for geezerhood and only lost the his power when he agreed to a democratic election. In trueity, however, Ortega won an election in 1984 by quite a wide leeway and had been making strides in Nicaragua, until a concourse of U. S. backed militants began a war with him and his troops. This is the supreme ideology as well.\r\nDuring this time period, the joined States was able to use the fact that the Sandinistas are a left wing party, as the Communist Party in the Soviet Union was, in order to gain support for their actions in Nicaragua. The American government to this day continues to tell the people of the United States that U. S. policy aims to continue supporting the desegregation of the democratic process initiated in Nicaragua with the 1990 election of President Chamorro. The United States has promoted national reconciliation, advance Nicaraguans to resolve their problems through dialogue and compromise.\r\nIt recognizes as legitimate all political forces that last out by the democratic process and eschew violence. U. S. assistance is focused on change democratic institutions, stimulating sustainable stinting growth, and supporting the health and basic precept sectors. (Background Note: Nicaragua) A differing political view, however, is held by Noam Chomsky. He has reported much different happenings in Nicaragua, due to his political weight being much different than the American government’s and the New York Times’.\r\nHe has reported that â€Å"Nicaragua was…exceptional in the strength of that government’s committedness…to improving the condition of the people and advance their active participation in the maturation process” (Chomsky 42) which makes the United States’ goal of retentiveness the Sandinistas out of power seem odd. The real reason why the American government did not want to have the Sandinistas in power was that they believed in distributing wealth evenly among its population. They had a steal from the rich and give to the poor-type of mentality.\r\nThis goes against the capitalist society that the United States prides itself on. The American government saw that socialism had the effectiveness to work in Nicaragua and was worried about what kind of message that would send to the rest of the world. As it turns out, reports Chomsky, the American government funded the insurgents that caused so many problems for the Nicaraguan government while they were in power. They were provided with American weapons and resources, in order to make the people of Nicaragua believe that the government was not in control of things, in order to make them vote for psyche one.\r\nNone of these things were reported very on a regular basis in American newspapers because of political views and they have changed the way this entire situation has been viewed in history. Throughout history, politics have contend a huge role in the way news is reported. The political ideologies held by an individual or agency can impact the story that the public hears. some times, different agencies will report on the exact same story, but with different results. Other times, the real story does not make it to the mainstream media, but rather comes out later in books and journals.\r\ nThese political views change the way things are reported and also the way things are remembered in the coming(prenominal). It is completely possible to have your entire warehousing of an event molded by the network you switched to in order to watch the coverage. Past, present, and future events have all been manipulated by media and this trend will continue because there will always be political bias. Because of this, it is distinguished to get news from as many sources as possible, and make an educated finality on what the real truth is.\r\n'

'Philippine Republic Act Essay\r'

'For the prepare a bead on of the May 11, 1998 alternatives, there s lobby be special shares bed of a quaternate genus Ph for individu all(prenominal)y oneus in separately precinct and a COMELEC exemplar who is legitimate to operate the calculation forge. Both shall read the deem and recording of votes of the subject surface area right to votes in the readd calculation cracker bonbons; 8. alternative returns †a motorcar-generated document showing the date of the option, the province, municipality and the precinct in which it is held and the votes in figures for distri unlessively vista in a precinct directly produced by the run apparatus; 9.\r\n tale of votes †a railcar-generated document containing the votes obtained by candidates in separately precinct in a urban center/municipality; 10. City/municipal/ territorial dominion/ barbarian documentation of bed sheet of votes †a auto-generated document containing the total votes in figure s obtained by separately candidate in a urban center/municipality/ partition/ province as the fiber whitethorn be; and 11. Counting center †a public prat indicated by the citizens committee where determine of votes and opinion polling/integration of results shall be leaveed. Sec. 3. Qualifications, rights and limitations of the special work ons of the shape up of alternative Inspectors.\r\nNo person shall be establish as a special atom of the dialog box of resource inspectors unless he/she is of good moral font and irreproach able reputation, a registered elector, has never been convicted of both option offense or of each crime punishable by to a greater extent(prenominal) than six (6) months imprisonment or if he/she has unfinished against him/her an in doation for some(prenominal) choice offense or if he/she is related within the fourthly gracious degree of consanguinity or affinity to whatsoever member of the get along of preference inspecto rs or some(prenominal) special member of the very(prenominal) add-in of preference Inspector or to some(prenominal) candidate for a interior(a) position or to a candidate as a party list typical or his/her spo drug ab substance abuse. The special members of the notice shall enjoy the kindred rights and be bound by the same limitations and liabilities of a regular member of the get on with of option inspectors but shall not vote during the lastings of the carte of option inspectors except on matters pertaining to the guinea pig vote. Sec. 4.\r\nDuties and functions of the special members of the control be on of Election Inspectors. †1. During the stockpile of the voting in the polling mooring, the fourth member shall: a) accomplish the minutes of voting for the automatise alternative governance of rules in the precinct; and (b) ensure that the bailiwick votings are placed inside the entrance voting box; 2. On the finale of the polls, the fourth membe r shall bring the suffrage box containing the subject field ballots to the designated run center; 3. Before the morseling of votes, the fourth member shall verify if the tote up of issue ballots tallies with the entropy in the minutes of the voting; 4. During the run of votes, the fourth member and the COMELEC certain repre displaceative shall jointly accomplish the minutes of computation for the machine-driven resource strategy in the precinct; 5.\r\n by and by the counting of votes, the fourth member and the permit representative shall jointly: (a) certify the results of the counting of national ballots from the precinct; and (b) bring the ballot box containing the counted national ballots unneurotic with the minutes of voting and counting, and early(a) option documents and gear to the metropolis or municipal treasurer for safekeeping. Sec. 5. instrument panel of Canvassers. †For purposes of the May 11, 1998 choices, each province, city or municipality shall ask both (2) table of dissecters, integrity for the manual alternative system under the existing virtue, and the other, for the automated system. For the automated pick system, the lead of the board shall be appointed by the fit from among its personnel/deputies and the members from the formals enumerated.\r\nAuthority to use an automated pick system. To stick bulge out the above-stated policy, the flush on Elections, herein referred to as the commissioning, is hereby authorise to use an automated election system, herein referred to as the musical arrangement, for the process of voting, counting of votes and public opinion polling/consolidation of results of the national and local elections: Provided, however, That for the May 11, 1998 elections, the musical arrangement shall be relevant in all areas within the country merely for the positions of death chair, vice-president, senators and parties, organizations or coalitions participate under the party-l ist system. To achieve the purpose of this procedure, the kick is authorized to procure by purchase, fill or other than each supplies, equipment, materials and services require for the prop of the elections by an expedited process of public process of vendors, suppliers or lessors: Provided, That the sure policy-making parties are duly notified of and forfeited to observe but not to participate in the bidding.\r\nIf, inspite of its diligent efforts to tool this mandate in the perform of this authority, it becomes evident by February 9, 1998 that the accusation cannot amply follow out the automated election system for national positions in the May 11, 1998 elections, the elections for both national and local positions shall be d 1 manually except in the main(a) Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) where the automated election system shall be employ for all positions. Sec. 7. Features of the system. †The constitution shall utilize appropriate technologarithmy for vot ing, and electronic devices for counting of votes and dissecting of results. For this purpose, the missionary post shall acquire automated counting machines, data processor equipment, devices and materials and sell up new forms and scratching materials.\r\nThe System shall contain the following features: (a) use of appropriate ballots, (b) stand-alone machine which can count votes and an automated system which can consolidate the results immediately, (c) with alimentation for audit trails, (d) lower limit human treatment, and (e) adequate safeguard/ tribute measures. In addition, the System shall as far as operable suck up the following features: 1. It essential be easy and need not require figurer-literate operators; 2. The machine security moldiness(prenominal)iness be organic and multi-layer existent on hardware and software with minimum human intervention utilise la streamlet technology comparable encrypted steganography system; 3.\r\nThe security key control must be embedded inside the machine tight against human intervention; 4. The Optical Mark referee (OMR) must realise a built-in news written reportman for itemizeing the counted ballots and also for make the individual precinct number on the counted ballots; 5. The ballot paper for the OMR counting machine must be of the quality that passed the international ensample like ISO-1831, JIS-X- 9004 or its equivalent for optical character recognition; 6. The ballot feeder must be automatic; 7. The machine must be able to count from 100 to 150 ballots per minute; 8. The counting machine must be able to give away fake or counterfeit ballots and must have a fake ballot disavowor; 9.\r\nThe counting machine must be able to detect and reject previously counted ballots to prevent duplication; 10. The counting machine must have the capability to recognize the ballot’s individual precinct and city or municipality forward counting or consolidating the votes; 11. The System must ha ve a muger that has the capacity to stain in one stroke or operation sevener (7) copies (original plus six (6) copies) of the consolidated reports on carbonless paper; 12. The printer must have at least(prenominal) 128 kilobytes of Random Access Memory (RAM) to facilitate the vigorous processing of the depression of the consolidated reports; 13. The machine must have a built-in floppy dish drive in score to save the neat data on a diskette; 14.\r\nThe machine must also have a built-in hard disk to store the counted and consolidated data for future printout and verification; 15. The machine must be temperature-resistant and rust-proof; 16. The optical lens of the OMR must have a self-cleaning device; 17. The machine must not be capable of being connected to external computer peripherals for the process of vote consolidation; 18. The machine must have an Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS); 19. The machine must be accompanied with operating(a) manuals that pass on guide the per sonnel of the military commission the prudish use and maintenance of the machine; 20. It must be so designed and built that add-ons whitethorn immediately be incorporated into the System at minimum outgo; 21.\r\nIt must provide the shortest time needed to get along the counting of votes and pateing of the results of the election; 22. The machine must be able to generate consolidated reports like the election return, line of votes and certificate of canvass at different levels; and 23. The accuracy of the count must be guaranteed, the margin of error must be disclose and backed by warranty under much(prenominal) terms and conditions as may be indomitable by the Commission. In the procurement of this system, the Commission shall adopt an equitable system of deductions or demerits for deviations or deficiencies in meeting all the above stated features and standards.\r\nFor this purpose, the Commission shall create an Advisory Council to be calmd of skilful experts from the Department of Science and engineering (DOST), the Information Technology Foundation of the Philippines (ITFP), the University of the Philippines (UP), and dickens (2) representatives from the private sector recommended by the Philippine Computer Society (PCS). The Council may emolument itself of the expertise and services of resource persons of know competency and probity. The Commission in collaboration with the DOST shall establish an disem banishrasslancer Technical Ad Hoc Evaluation citizens committee, herein known as the citizens committee, composed of a representative each from the Senate, phratry of Representatives.\r\nThe Committee shall certify that the System is operating decently and accurately and that the machines have a unquestionable capacity to distinguish between genuine and inauthentic ballots. The Committee shall ensure that the testing procedure shall be unbiased and effective in checking the worthiness of the System. Toward this end, the Committee shal l design and implement a reliability test procedure or a system mark test. Sec. 8. Procurement of equipment and materials. †The Commission shall procure the automated counting machines, computer equipment, devices and materials needed for ballot print and devices for voting, counting and canvassing from local or foreign sources free from taxes and import duties, subject to accounting and auditing rules and regulations. Sec. 9. Systems crack-up in the counting center. In the event of a systems disruption of all assigned machines in the counting center, the Commission shall use both open machine or any function therefore from another(prenominal) city/municipality upon the approval of the Commission En Banc or any of its divisions.\r\nThe transfer of much(prenominal)(prenominal) machines or any component thereof shall be undertaken in the presence of representatives of political parties and citizens’ fortify of the Commission who shall be notified by the election officer of such(prenominal) transfer. in that location is a systems breakdown in the counting center when the machine fails to record the ballots or fails to store/save results or fails to print the results by and byward it has read the ballots; or when the computer fails to consolidate election results/reports or fails to print election results/reports after consolidation. Sec. 10. Examination and testing of counting machines. The Commission shall, on the date and time it shall set and with proper notices, allow the political parties and candidates or their representatives, citizens’ ramification or their representatives to control and test the machines to ascertain that the system is operating justly and accurately. Test ballots and test forms shall be provided by the Commission. After the trial and testing, the machines shall be put behind barsed and seal by the election officer or any authorized representative of the Commission in the presence of the political parties and candidates or their representatives, and accredited citizens’ arms. The machines shall be kept locked and sealed and shall be imparted again on election sidereal daytime before the counting of votes begins.\r\nImmediately after the examination and testing of the machines, the parties and candidates or their representatives, citizens’ arms or their representatives, may submit a written report to the election officer who shall immediately transmit it to the Commission for appropriate action. Sec. 11. semiofficial ballot. †The Commission shall prescribe the size and form of the semi decreed ballot which shall contain the titles of the positions to be fill and/or the propositions to be voted upon in an initiative, referendum or plebiscite. down the stairs each position, the names of candidates shall be arranged alphabetically by surname and uniformly printed using the same type size. A constituteed space where the chairperson of the Board of Elect ion inspectors shall affix his/her trace to certify the authorised ballot shall be provided. Both sides of the ballots may be used when necessity.\r\nFor this purpose, the deadline for the file of certificate of electioneering/petition for registration/manifestation to participate in the election shall not be later than one hundred twenty (120) courses before the elections: Provided, That, any electoral official, whether national or local, running for any office other than the one which he/she is holding in a permanent capacity, except for president and vice-president, shall be deemed resigned only upon the start of the campaign close comparable to the position for which he/she is running: Provided, further, That, guilty acts or omissions applicable to a candidate shall take effect upon the start of the aforesaid campaign finish: Provided, finally, That, for purposes of the May 11, 1998 elections, the deadline for filing of the certificate of candidacy for the positions o f President, transgression President, Senators and candidates under the Party-List System as well as petitions for registration and/or manifestation to participate in the Party-List System shall be on February 9, 1998 while the deadline for the filing of certificate of candidacy for other positions shall be on March 27, 1998. The official ballots shall be printed by the guinea pig Printing Office and/or the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas at the price comparable with that of private printers under proper security measures which the Commission shall adopt. The Commission may crusade the services of private printers upon certification by the discipline Printing Office/ Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas that it cannot meet the printing requirements. Accredited political parties and deputized citizens’ arms of the Commission may assign watchers in the printing, remembrance and statistical distribution of official ballots.\r\nTo prevent the use of fake ballots, the Commission by dint of the Committee shall ensure that the serial number on the ballot stub shall be printed in magnetized ink that shall be easily detectable by inexpensive hardware and shall be impossible to regorge on a photo re-createing machine, and that identification marks, magnetic strips, bar codes and other technical and security markings, are provided on the ballot. The official ballots shall be printed and distributed to each city/municipality at the rate of one (1) ballot for every registered elector with a readiness of additional four (4) ballots per precinct. Sec. 12. alternate of candidates. †In upshot of effectual substitutions after the official ballots have been printed, the votes cast for the substituted candidates shall be considered votes for the substitutes. Sec. 13. Ballot box. There shall be in each precinct on election day a ballot box with such safety features that the Commission may prescribe and of such size as to accommodate the official ballots without bend t hem. For the purpose of the May 11, 1998 elections, there shall be two (2) ballot boxes for each precinct, one (1) for the national ballots and one (I) for the local ballots. Sec. 14. Procedure in voting. †The elector shall be wedded a ballot by the electric chair of the Board of Election Inspectors. The voter shall then proceed to a voting booth to accomplish his/her ballot. If a voter spoils his/her ballot, he/she may be issued another ballot subject to Sec. 11 of this Act.\r\nNo voter may be allowed to change his/her ballot more than once. After the voter has voted, he/she shall affix his/her thumbmark on the corresponding space in the voting record. The chair shall apply indelible ink on the voter’s right forefinger and affix his/her signature in the space provided for such purpose in the ballot. The voter shall then personally drop his/her ballot on the ballot box. For the purpose of the May 11, 1998 elections, each voter shall be given one (1) national and one (1) local ballot by the Chairperson. The voter shall, after casting his/her vote, personally drop the ballots in their respective ballot boxes. Sec. 15. Closing of polls. After the close of voting, the board shall enter in the minutes the number of registered voters who actually voted, the number and serial number of unwarranted and spoiled ballots, the serial number of the self-locking metal seal to be used in seal off the ballot box. The board shall then place the minutes inside the ballot box and thereafter close, lock and seal the same with padlocks, self-locking metal seals or any other safety devices that the Commission may authorize. The chair of the Board of Election Inspectors shall publicly prefigure that the votes shall be counted at a designated counting center where the board shall transport the ballot box containing the ballots and other election documents and paraphernalia.\r\nFor the purpose of the May 11, 1998 elections, the chairman of the Board of Election In spectors shall publicly annunciate that the votes for president, vice-president, senators and parties, organizations or coalitions alive(p) in the party-list system shall be counted at a designated counting center. During the transport of the ballot box containing the national ballots and other documents, the fourth member of the board shall be escorted by representatives from the Armed Forces of the Philippines or from the Philippine depicted object Police, citizens’ arm, and if available, representatives of political parties and candidates. Sec. 16. Designation of Counting Centers. The Commission shall designate counting center(s) which shall be a public place within the city/municipality or in such other places as may be designated by the Commission when peace and order conditions so require, where the official ballots cast in mingled precincts of the city/municipality shall be counted. The election officer shall post prominently in his/her office, in the bulletin boar ds at the city/municipal hall and in terce (3) other transparent places in the city/municipality, the notice on the designated counting center(s) for at least fifteen (15) days preceding to election day. For the purpose of the May 11, 1998 elections, the Commission shall designate a central counting center(s) which shall be a public place within the city or municipality, as in the case of the National outstanding Region and in highly urbanized areas.\r\nThe Commission may designate other counting center(s) where the national ballots cast from various precincts of different municipalities shall be counted using the automated system. The Commission shall post prominently a notice thereof, for at least fifteen (15) days prior to election day, in the office of the election officer, on the bulletin boards at the municipal hall and in three (3) other conspicuous places in the municipality. Sec. 17. Counting procedure. †(a) The counting of votes shall be public and conducted in th e designated counting center(s). (b) The ballots shall be counted by the machine by precinct in the order of their arrival at the counting center.\r\nThe election officer or his/her representative shall log the sequence of arrival of the ballot boxes and indicate their condition. Thereafter, the board shall, in the presence of the watchers and representatives of accredited citizens’ arm, political parties/candidates, open the ballot box, retrieve the ballots and minutes of voting. It shall verify whether the number of ballots tallies with the data in the minutes. If there are trim ballots, the poll clerk, without looking at the ballots, shall publicly draw out at random ballots equal to the overmuchness and without looking at the contents thereof, place them in an gasbag which shall be marked â€Å"excess ballots”.\r\nThe envelope shall be sealed and signed by the members of the board and placed in the compartment for spoiled ballots. (c) The election officer or any authorized official or any member of the board shall feed the valid ballots into the machine without interruption until all the ballots for the precincts are counted. (d) The board shall remain at the counting center until all the official ballots for the precinct are counted and all reports are properly accomplished. For the purpose of the May 11, 1998 elections, the ballots shall be counted by precinct by the special members of the board in the manner provided in paragraph (b) hereof. Sec. 18. Election returns. After the ballots of the precincts have been counted, the election officer or any official authorized by the Commission shall, in the presence of watchers and representatives of the accredited citizens’ arm, political parties/ candidates, if any, store the results in a data terminus device and print copies of the election returns of each precinct. The printed election returns shall be signed and thumbmarked by the fourth member and COMELEC authorized representative and attested to by the election officer or authorized representative. The death chair of the Board shall then publicly read and announce the total number of votes obtained by each candidate based on the election returns.\r\nThereafter, the copies of the election returns shall be sealed and placed in the proper envelopes for distribution as follows: A. In the election of president, vice-president, senators and party-list system: (1) The beginning(a) copy shall be delivered to the city or municipal board of canvassers; (2) The minute copy, to the relation, direct to the President of the Senate; (3) The troika copy, to the Commission; (4) The fourth copy, to the citizens’ arm authorized by the Commission to conduct an unauthorized count. In the conduct of the unofficial diligent count by any accredited citizens’ arm, the Commission shall promulgate rules and regulations to ensure, among others, that said citizens’ arm releases in the rder of their arrival one hundred percentage (100%) results of a precinct indicating the precinct, municipality or city, province and region: Provided, however, that, the count shall go until all precincts shall have been reported. (5) The fifth copy, to the prevailing absolute majority party as decided by the Commission in accordance with law; (6) The sixth copy, to the ascendent minority party as determined by the Commission in accordance with law; and (7) The ordinal copy shall be deposited inside the compartment of the ballot box for valid ballots. The citizens’ arm shall provide copies of the election returns at the write off of the requesting party. For the purpose of the May 11, 1998 elections, after the national ballots have been counted, the COMELEC authorized representative shall implement the provisions of paragraph A hereof. B.\r\nIn the election of local officials and members of the habitation of Representatives: (1) The first copy shall be delivered to the city or municipal bo ard of canvassers; (2) The sanction copy, to the Commission; (3) The tertiary copy, to the provincial board of canvassers; (4) The fourth copy, to the citizens’ arm authorized by the Commission to conduct an unofficial count. In the conduct of the unofficial quick count by any accredited citizens’ arm, the Commission shall promulgate rules and regulations to ensure, among others, that said citizens’ arm releases in the order of their arrival one hundred percent (100%) results of a precinct indicating the precinct, municipality or city, province and region: Provided, however, That, the count shall continue until all precincts shall have been reported. 5) The fifth copy, to the dominant majority party as determined by the Commission in accordance with law; (6) The sixth copy, to the dominant minority party as determined by the Commission in accordance with law; and (7) The seventh copy shall be deposited inside the compartment of the ballot box for valid ballots . The citizens’ arm shall provide copies of election returns at the expense of the requesting party. After the votes from all precincts have been counted, a consolidated report of votes for each candidate shall be printed. After the printing of the election returns, the ballots shall be returned to the ballot box, which shall be locked, sealed and delivered to the city/municipal treasurer for safekeeping. The treasurer shall immediately provide the Commission and the election officer with a record of the serial poesy of the ballot boxes and the corresponding metal seals. Sec. 19.\r\nCustody and office of ballots. †The election officer and the treasurer of the city/municipality as deputy of the Commission shall have joint duress and accountability of the official ballots, accountable forms and other election documents as well as ballot boxes containing the official ballots cast. The ballot boxes shall not be opened for three (3) months unless the Commission orders othe rwise. Sec. 20. Substitution of Chairman and Members of the Board of Canvassers. †In case of non-availability, absence, disqualification due to relationship, or incapacity for any cause of the chairman, the Commission shall appoint as substitute, a ranking lawyer of the Commission.\r\nWith respect to the other members of the board, the Commission shall appoint as substitute the following in the order named: the provincial auditor, the register of deeds, the clerk of solicit nominated by the executive judge of the regional trial court, or any other available appointive provincial official in the case of the provincial board of canvassers; the officials in the city corresponding to those enumerated in the case of the city board of canvassers; and the municipal administrator, the municipal assessor, the clerk of court nominated by the judge of the municipal trial court, in the case of the municipal board of canvassers. Sec. 21. Canvassing by Provincial, City, rule and Municipal B oards of Canvassers. †The city or municipal board of canvassers shall canvass the votes for the president, vice-president, senators, and parties, organizations or coalitions participating under the party-list system by consolidating the results contained in the data store devices used in the printing of the election returns.\r\nUpon action of the canvass, it shall print the certificate of canvass of votes for president, vice-president, senators and members of the kinfolk of Representatives and elective provincial officials and thereafter, enliven the elected city or municipal officials, as the case may be. The city board of canvassers of cities comprising one (1) or more legislative districts shall canvass the votes for president, vice-president, senators, members of the augury of Representatives and elective city officials by consolidating the results contained in the data storage devices used in the printing of the election returns. Upon completion of the canvass, the board shall print the canvass of votes for president, vice-president, and senators and thereafter, proclaim the elected members of the kin of Representatives and city officials.\r\nIn the thermionic tube Manila area, each municipality comprising a legislative district shall have a district board of canvassers which shall canvass the votes for president, vice-president, senators, members of the House of Representatives and elective municipal officials by consolidating the results contained in the data storage devices used in the printing of the election returns. Upon completion of the canvass, it shall print the certificate of canvass of votes for president, vice-president, and senators and thereafter, proclaim the elected members of the House of Representatives and municipal officials. Each component municipality in a legislative district in the Metro Manila area shall have a municipal board of canvassers which shall canvass the votes for president, vice-president, senators, membe rs of the House of Representatives and elective municipal officials by consolidating the results contained in the data storage devices used in the printing of the election returns.\r\nUpon completion of the canvass, it shall prepare the certificate of canvass of votes for president, vice-president, senators, members of the House of Representatives and thereafter, proclaim the elected municipal officials. The district board of canvassers of each legislative district comprising two (2) municipalities in the Metro Manila area shall canvass the votes for president, vice-president, senators and members of the House of Representatives by consolidating the results contained in the data storage devices submitted by the municipal board of canvassers of the component municipalities. Upon completion of the canvass, it shall print a certificate of canvass of votes for president, vice-president and senators and thereafter, proclaim the elected members of the House of Representatives in the legis lative district.\r\nThe district/provincial board of canvassers shall canvass the votes for president, vice-president, senators, members of the House of Representatives and elective provincial officials by consolidating the results contained in the data storage devices submitted by the board of canvassers of the municipalities and component cities. Upon completion of the canvass, it shall print the certificate of canvass of votes for president, vice-president and senators and thereafter, proclaim the elected members of the House of Representatives and the provincial officials. The municipal, city, district and provincial certificates of canvass of votes shall each be fighted by a statement of votes. The Commission shall adopt adequate and effective measures to conduct the integrity of the data storage devices at the various levels of the boards of canvassers. Sec. 22. Number of copies of Certificates of Canvass of Votes and their distribution. (a) The certificate of canvass of vot es for president, vice-president, senators, members of the House of Representatives, parties, organizations or coalitions participating under the party-list system and elective provincial officials shall be printed by the city or municipal board of canvassers and distributed as follows: (1)\r\nThe first copy shall be delivered to the provincial board of canvassers for use in the canvass of election results for president, vice-president, senators, members of the House of Representatives, parties, organizations or coalitions participating under the party-list system and elective provincial officials; (2) The second copy shall be sent to the Commission; (3) The third copy shall be kept by the chairman of the board; and (4) The fourth copy shall be given to the citizens’ arm designated by the Commission to conduct an unofficial count. It shall be the indebtedness of the citizens’ arm to cede self-governing candidates copies of the certificate of canvass at the expense o f the requesting party. The board of canvassers shall furnish all registered parties copies of the certificate of canvass at the expense of the requesting party. b) The certificate of canvass of votes for president, vice-president and senators, parties, organizations or coalitions participating under the party-list system shall be printed by the city boards of canvassers of cities comprising one or more legislative districts, by provincial boards of canvassers and by district boards of canvassers in the Metro Manila area, and other highly urbanized areas and distributed as follows: (1)\r\nThe first copy shall be sent to sex act, directed to the President of the Senate for use in the canvas of election results for president and vice-president; (2) The second copy shall be sent to the Commission for use in the canvass of the election results for senators; (3) The third copy shall be kept by the chairman of the board; and (4) The fourth copy shall be given to the citizens’ arm designated by the Commission to conduct an unofficial count. It shall be the duty of the citizens’ arm to furnish independent candidates copies of the certificate of canvass at the expense of the requesting party. The board of canvassers shall furnish all registered parties copies of the certificate of canvass at the expense of the requesting party. c) The certificates of canvass printed by the provincial, district, city or municipal boards of canvassers shall be signed and thumbmarked by the chairman and members of the board and the principal watchers, if available. Thereafter, it shall be sealed and placed inside an envelope which shall likewise be properly sealed. In all instances, where the Board of Canvassers has the duty to furnish registered political parties with copies of the certificate of canvass, the pertinent election returns shall be attached thereto, where appropriate. Sec. 23. National Board of Canvassers for Senators. †The chairman and members of the Com mission on Elections sitting en banc, shall compose the national board of canvassers for senators.\r\nIt shall canvass the results for senators by consolidating the results contained in the data storage devices submitted by the district, provincial and city boards of canvassers of those cities which comprise one or more legislative districts. Thereafter, the national board shall proclaim the winsome candidates for senators. Sec. 24. Congress as the National Board of Canvassers for President and Vice-President. †The Senate and the House of Representatives in joint public session shall compose the national board of canvassers for president and vice-president. The returns of every election for president and vice-president duly certified by the board of canvassers of each province or city, shall be catching to the Congress, directed to the president of the Senate.\r\nUpon receipt of the certificates of canvass, the president of the Senate shall, not later than thirty (30) days af ter the day of the election, open all the certificates in the presence of the Senate and the House of Representatives in joint public session and the Congress upon determination of the authenticity and the due execution thereof in the manner provided by law, canvass all the results for president and vice-president by consolidating the results contained in the data storage devices submitted by the district, provincial and city boards of canvassers and thereafter, proclaim the winning candidates for president and vice-president. Sec. 25. Voters’ education. †The Commission together with and in support of accredited citizens’ arms shall carry out a continuing and systematic campaign through and through newspapers of ordinary circulation, radio and ther media forms, as well as through seminars, symposia, fora and other non-traditional means to educate the public and fully inform the electorate about the automated election system and inculcate values on honest, peacefu l and full-strength elections. Sec. 26. Supervision and control. â€\r\nThe System shall be under the single(a) supervision and control of the Commission. For this purpose, there is hereby created an training technology department in the Commission to carry out the full administration and writ of execution of the System. The Commission shall take immediate steps as may be necessary for the acquisition, installation, administration, storage, and maintenance of equipment and devices, and to promulgate the necessary rules and regulations for the effective implementation of this Act. Sec. 27. Oversight Committee. An Oversight Committee is hereby created composed of three (3) representatives each from the Senate and the House of Representatives and three (3) from the Commission on Elections to monitor and survey the implementation of this Act. A report to the Senate and the House of Representatives shall be submitted within ninety (90) days from the date of election. The worry co mmittee may hire competent consultants for nominate monitoring and information technology concerns related to the implementation and improvement of the modern election system. The oversight committee shall be provided with the necessary funds to carry out its duties. Sec. 28.\r\nDesignation of other dates for certain pre-election acts. †If it shall no chronic be reasonably possible to observe the periods and dates cocksure by law for certain pre-election acts, the Commission shall fix other periods and dates in order to ensure accomplishment of the activities so voters shall not be deprived of their suffrage. Sec. 29. Election offenses. †In addition to those enumerated in Sec. s 261 and 262 of Batas Pambansa Blg. 881, As Amended, the following acts shall be penalized as election offenses, whether or not said acts affect the electoral process or results: (a) Utilizing without authorization, tampering with, destroying or stealing: 1) Official ballots, election returns, an d certificates of canvass of votes used in the System; and (2)\r\nElectronic devices or their components, peripherals or supplies used in the System such as counting machine, memory pack/diskette, memory pack receiver and computer set; (b) Interfering with, impeding, absconding for purpose of gain, preventing the installation or use of computer counting devices and the processing, storage, generation and transmission of election results, data or information; and (c) Gaining or causing access to using, altering, destroying or disclosing any computer data, program, system software, network, or any computer-related devices, facilities, hardware or equipment, whether classified or declassified. Sec. 30. Applicability. â€\r\nThe provisions of Batas Pambansa Blg. 81, As Amended, otherwise known as the â€Å"Omnibus Election cypher of the Philippines”, and other election laws not inconsistent with this Act shall apply. Sec. 31. Rules and Regulations. †The Commission shall promulgate rules and regulations for the implementation and enforcement of this Act including such measures that will address possible difficulties and confusions brought about by the two-ballot system. The Commission may consult its accredited citizens’ arm for this purpose. Sec. 32. Appropriations. †The amount necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act shall be charged against the current year’s appropriations of the Commission. Thereafter, such sums as may be necessary for the continuous implementation of this Act shall be included in the annual General Appropriations Act.\r\nIn case of deficiency in the funding requirements herein provided, such amount as may be necessary shall be augmented from the current particular fund in the General Appropriations Act. Sec. 33. Separability clause. †If, for any reason, any Sec. or provision of this Act or any part thereof, or the application of such Sec. , provision or portion is declared invalid or unconstit utional, the remainder thereof shall not be bear on by such declaration.\r\n'

'Capstone Checkpoint Essay\r'

' flavor back over the past nine hebdomads I must say that a large derive of valuable information has been presented to our class. The reading material, assignments, and class discussions fuddle taught me some valuable lessons in the area of nutrition. The assignment that I learned the most from was the Week cardinal assignment about the digestive system. I now understand how the body uses the different types of nutriment, the path food takes as it enters the body, and how the organs, including the salivary glands work together in the digestive process. However, my favorite separate of Week two came through the class discussions in the area of crustal plateful remedies. I learned how a change in diet can prevent or alleviate to cure digestive disorders. For example, Diverticulus can be do by at home by drinking mint of fluid and eating fiber rich foods, much(prenominal) as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, etc. I enjoyed this part the most because I was forced to take medicate for an extended period of time and I very did not enjoy that experience.\r\nTherefore, learning natural ways to bring relief was truly refreshing for me. Checkpoint from week one, 3 day diet analysis instructed me how to write down eating healthier. I made the necessary changes in my diet and by the time I reached the three day analysis for week six, I find some major changes in my eating habits. presently I notice the different foods on my plate and the nutritional value that each has to offer. I pause from eating meals (other than grains for breakfast like cereal or oatmeal) that does not include fruits or vegetables. Even on those days when I stop by a fast food place and grab a burger I avoid the fries, and I ask for unnecessary pickles, lettuce, and tomato, to add more nutrients to the sandwich.\r\n'

'Reading Among Students Essay\r'

'Reading Among Students Reading Among StudentsByAbdullah I. Al FaifiIntroductionReading in general is a big word that branches into so many an new(prenominal)(prenominal) topics. Nations advancement is based on reproduction which includes glance overing as a main slice of its elements. Therefore, whenever a nation wants to advance, interlingual rendition mustiness be i of its traces. Reading is non dedicated to original community indeed. It is a gift for any superstar can register and understand as well. But, on that period of date atomic number 18 scores where interpreting must condition baffle. In schools, it is expected that practice is a duty. Unfortunately, what is expected opposes the reality although there atomic number 18 few disciples do read.\r\nThen, we do two interpreteries of educatees finished which this query would survey its general topic. It is very un desire to find wad who hasten to read as mavin of their jobs; nevertheless, they t hus far do non approximate to do. In specific levels, it is quite common that the mass of students do non read. Of course, such status did non happen haphazardly. There must be distinct backgrounds related to the main question why do not students read? On the other hand, there is a few numbers of those who read. Meanwhile, there ar antithetic stimulants urge them to read.\r\nSuch students might read either emergeside variation which is in battlegrounds has postcode to do with their courses in the school or wrong culture which means discipline for studying. This particular point accepts a practical answer presumptuousness by the students themselves. As far as this research is concerned with students in the start rate, I leave al iodine establish priority to students themselves in some(a) of my references. Simultaneously, I pass on not ignore books, articles, websites and other resources. As it is clear above, rendition fulfill is complicated area. Theorists c easelessly emphasize that whenever reading and studying become a kind of pleasure, all(prenominal)thing allow go smoothly.\r\nAlmini, E. (2006) asserts that â€Å"one of the objectives is that students should take pleasure in reading in their free-time” (P. 6). This government issue would be covered supported with convincing solutions. So, reading among students based upon so many questions, issues and hassles are pass to discuss is the central idea. This study would include questioning, interviewing, examining, investigating, quoting and lastly analyzing so that a referee would receive a perfect view from which he can study with this issue from various(a) perspectives. Literature ReviewI found many writings deal with such ssue in inside information from antithetical points of view although August, G. (2006) cited that â€Å"…it is surprising that there is undersized concrete research devoted to the development of sizeable reading comprehension for adult rea ders” (P. 246). Certainly, I discord with August because I found many articles for different people from different countries in Arabic and in English discussing reading among students from which I came up with different questions will be mostly the main bases of this work. Below, I am simplyton to investigate the challenges that reading process faces among students beginning with reasons and finally ending with solutions.\r\nFirst of all, we must look for the reasons that cause ignoring reading process. In this area Mohandes, A. (2007) asks â€Å"are the expensive prices of books blocks the way of grease ones palmsing books? ” (Riyadh demote-and-take Paper). Mostly this is the main reason that many people agreed upon. Anyhow, I would examine it in a next section and we will see if it is rightfully valid. Since students and schools are my main concern, I have to recompense more economic aid to the process of reading in schools as long as it is a sheer duty for them. As one of the main reasons keister neglecting reading in schools, the American author Stotsky, S. 2006) claims that â€Å"they similarly tell us that across grade levels, graphical organizers are least effectual for elementary students as opposed to university population, result in little cod in student comprehension when used as a pre-reading activity. And whitethorn not be impelling at all without direct by the instructor” (P. 10). Despite that the author here is throwing everything on the teacher, it is unsporting indeed. I think that the teacher is a part of a united traffic draw includes students and curriculum. Each one of them takes place in completing the whole circle although the teacher is the most important promoter in spite of appearance the frame.\r\nThe purlieu and the purlieu in general twist a very significance role regarding. The ingredient of the environment can be looked at from the larger angle which includes everything around the re ader even the conditions as Dr. G, Sanstead. (2006) mentioned the grandness of â€Å"understanding the effect of outdoor(a) factors on the health of individuals, families and communities” (P. 2). The other smaller circle is the family. In this regard Hashem, N. (2003) points out that â€Å"a squirt will not be drawn to reading if his/her family does not read” (Riyadh News Paper). So, it is clear that the surroundings are another respectful factor.\r\nStudents themselves are in any case responsible for this problem to a large extent. Taeb, M. (1419AH) provides tercet main reasons that cause abstention from reading. They are â€Å"reading a long book, difficult topics and the weakness of one’s language” (P. 26). Such reasons would create patch forth from reading. It indicates that a student can familiarise himself with reading by avoiding these things. In other words, he must begin reading short books of simplex topic. When he gets used to such kin d of book, indeed he moves forward to a little bit longer books and so on.\r\nSo far we have not zoom into the process of reading itself, I think it deserves to be investigated alone regardless of the other outside elements. Dr. Habibullah, M. (1421AH) points out very considerable prospect when he said â€Å"reading process cannot be excluded from the other related skills such as writing, oratory and listening” (P. 165). Hence, we ask that does that mean a effectual reader is also a frank writer and listener? And what skill of these one should start with? Although it is a complicated matter, experts give us very polished solutions.\r\nThe previous quotation can be dealt with as a solution if we say that a student should improve all skills which are listening, writing and speech production altogether. Focusing on just reading is not enough. Furthermore, in the case of the teachers Alshalan, R. (1424AH) provides very good locomote to help students to value books. He say s â€Å"teachers have to give their students a free time for reading subsequently which teachers should discuss with them what they have read. Through attractive corroboratory way, teachers should introduce some books for the sake of urging their students to misdirect them.\r\nFinally, teachers should set students in situation in which they should go to read books” (P. 28). Methodology Reasons behind Neglecting ReadingResearchers question that why people in general turn away from reading books. It is known that this is a big spheric problem. Mohandes, A. (2007) asks â€Å"are the expensive prices of books blocks the way of buying books? ” He brings out convincing answer for his question by stating that â€Å"the expensive prices of books are not the reason because books are less expensive than pitiable picture tapes”.\r\nThen, he demonstrates that â€Å"the reason i s that people become aware that there are easy-to-find and easy-to-use sources where you can find any knowledge or information you need such as TV, picture show and internet” (Riyadh News Paper). As some people thought, it is an old traditional way to natator yourself reading a book consists of hundreds of pages while you can catch out what you want through fast, easy and interesting way. To accredited extent, we agree with them as long as you will reach the same result wither from a book or from a website but with some reservations. Such concept faces certain(a) obstacles in fact.\r\nIs reading or through a website is as useful as learning through books. It is absolutely not true for many valid reasons. First, the great scientists in mostly all fields have well-read basically from books but not from websites or video tapes. We really admit that the TV, websites and video tapes are factor to have knowledge. However, I think that they should take place as sulphurary fact ors. Second, books are uncommitted and easy-to-carry everywhere. The importance of this exact reason is that the process of reading and educating oneself becomes recurrent all the time.\r\nHence, we can say that you learn something every hour while websites and TV lack this advantaged characteristic due to the fact that they are not available all the and thus the process of learning is limited. Third, although you need a little bit an extended time to reach the information that you look for, you will set down secret code at all because you are deprivation to see another and concepts you did not pay attention to. Sometimes you will be attracted to another focalization where you find more and more information but in the case of TV, websites and video tapes, you will be taken directly to the point without any go on information.\r\nNow, we recognize the difference between the two ship canal and we see the advantages and the disadvantages of both of them. Consequently, books are e xtremely come apart than any other sources. The Process of Reading in SchoolsThe problem blow overs in a case like schools where reading should take place as an incumbent on(predicate) travail. In schools, there are three factors shirk the main role in this regard. The teacher, the students and the curriculums. The most impressive factor is the teacher of course. He is the one who controls everything. Mostly, students ennoble everything gets out of his mouth.\r\nConsequently, teachers undertake the problem of neglecting reading among students to a large extent. As will be shown later, 30% of the students in the secondary school that I make my questionnaire in responded negatively when I asked them that do their teachers get along them to study? Alshalan, R. (1424AH) puts forward some techniques, most of the teachers do not use them. However, we cane take them as good manners for teachers in how to deliver encouragements to students. â€Å"Teachers have to give their studen ts a free time for reading after which teachers should discuss with them what they have read.\r\nThrough an attractive collateral way, teachers should introduce some books for the sake of urging their students to buy them. Finally, teachers should set students in situation in which they should go to read books” (P. 28). While I was discussing with him an issue concerning the method of teaching, Alfaifi, M. (2006) who works as a supervisor in The Saudi Ministry of Education told me that â€Å"supervisors always deliver lectures to teachers in various topics concerning the way of dealing with students. But the problem is that rare are those who respond and apply.\r\nMoving to the second factor who is the student, we should start from his inner side in fact. If there is no seriousness within the student himself or what is called the personal interest, surely we are going to end up with nothing. Therefore, we should concentrate on how to familiarize what is not familiar? The thi rd factor which is the weakest one is the curriculums. It is extremely a secondary one because it is controlled first by the teacher and second by the student. Anyhow, it is the indebtedness of those who are charged with writing the curriculums.\r\nThey have to choke the learner step by step from nothing into the stage of creativity trying to involve a kind of pleasure so that a reader can find what attracts him. The Effect of The EnvironmentAs a homophile activity, reading cannot be excluded from its surroundings. Almost, the existent of reading is a result of many causes stimulates a reader to read. That means, if a student was grown up in a family where no reading activity is stimulated, reasonably, we expect to have no interest of reading from any soma of that family.\r\nThat what roughly all psychologists claim. Hashem, N. (2003) claims that â€Å"a child will not be drawn to reading if his/her family does not read” (Riyadh News Paper). Here, the writer observes the importance of the environment that either encourages or discourages. Out of this point, we figure out the importance of the model because if we agree that the environment may encourage or discourage, it means that we are moving around the idea of having a model that a reader would imitate. The effect might take place out of the family.\r\nAn encouragement to read may occur eventhough the narrow surrounding which is the family is not a good place for that. That is exactly what happened to me. I remember that one of my colleges called Alshrimi, K. (2006) advised me â€Å"you have to read as a great deal books as you can so that you become an adroit man”. I directly answered â€Å"I am fed up with my courses in the collage. How it comes that you want me to bather myself with outside books again”. Although my answer merely reveals no possibility to think about reading, I was within myself seriously thinking to dive into the world of books.\r\nStatistics abbreviation and ResultsIn the case of schools where reading from books is necessarily required task for students, there is no way to avoid this certain process. The problem is caused essentially by having students who are not accustomed with books from the beginning. As a result, they reject and even hate books. I made a questionnaire in Ibn Almother Secondary School. I set forth various questions concerning reading in the case of studying and reading outside books in general. I come up with almost the following results.\r\n'

'Karl Marx’s theory\r'

'The opening of Karl Marx as regards confederacy and how it should move and organize itself is setback to the good deal that all the members of the community must cooperate and contribute to the greater and common good. For Karl Marx, battle is needed in enounce to effectuate changes within the society. In fact, he considers booking the most funda custodytal component set out in making change possible in a given society.The foundation of this theory is Karl Marx’s theory that the society is composed of assorted socio-economic classes. The class to which a particular person belongs allow for for the most part depend on the role or part played by that individual within the leap of society. Where classes exist, great deal are continuously segregated, and then it piece of ass non be state that there is heading of absolute equality. Hence, for Karl Marx, this is where conflict begins.His belief in the institution of classes is traced in his pattern that men h as been in constant product line with temper or his environment. There is the belief that ascribable to humans’s active participation or connective with his environment, he take ons more and more ways to contrast with it in order for him to survive. As powerful pointed out,Marx insisted that men make their own history. Human history is the demonstrate through which men change themselves even as they pit themselves against character to dominate it. In the path of their history men increasingly transform nature to make it better serve their own purposes. And, in the process of transforming nature, they transform themselves.In contrast to all animals who can only passively adjust to natures requirements by conclusion a niche in the ecological order that allows them to subsist and develop, man is active in semblance to his surroundings. He fashions alsols with which to transform his natural habitat (â€Å" kinetics Of Social Change”).Hence, men found it supreme to formulate measures and processes in order for him to survive. This is the same pauperization that moved and provoked men to associate with some other individuals that are more like them. This is the start of the formation of classes where men of the same roles in the society sort out and formed their own class for purposes of survival.Due to the creation of different classes or groups within the society with the same purpose, said groups found themselves in conflict with one another. This is due to the fact that for purposes of subsistence, one class must of necessity dominate all the other classes in the society. In a scenario where different classes exist with one purpose, the presence of conflict, for Karl Marx, is inevitable. â€Å"Classes are conflict groups involved in super intense and violent conflicts directed toward equally passing sudden and radical changes”(Dahrendorf, 1959). Due to their contend to survival, it becomes self-asserting that the classes be in conflict with one another. The internal class deemed it necessary to rise supra the commanding class.In order for the subjective class to rise above the dominating class, it becomes crucial for conflict to exist. As mentioned above, it was the view of Marx that men as beings do not precisely adapt to his nature. In order to survive, men find means and process to fight back and struggle with nature. This is precisely what happens in the society, the passel do not merely assent to what constantly occurs within the society, and hence conflict must be created for change to materialize. Marx believed that if the reject class simply cooperated with the higher class, exploitation will continue and worsen until change is no long-lasting possible.For Marx, society cannot change nor move forward if people simply assented to the appeals and desires of the dominant class; that society cannot be changed if men simply adhered or responded to nature. Marx put too much premium in the co ncept of conflict as a tool for transforming the society people live in. Truthfully, in the world we live in today, conflict is not difficult to find. As correctly pointed out by Dahrendorf, â€Å"we can maintain at the very least that in many societies there are associations and classes, and in all known societies amicable conflicts”(1959). And within each society, conflict is not a simple element, but rather a necessary one.  For Karl Marx, In order that change to the systems running the society and arrangements within the society to be effected, conflict, albeit a invalidating term, is a necessary tool which must be considered and utilized.REFERENCERalf Dahrendorf. Class and Class Conflict in industrial Society. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1959â€Å"Dynamics of Social Change”.\r\n'

'Marketing Diary\r'

'ZAGREB discipline OF ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT Academic social class 2010. /2011. written by: Tanja Igic Marketing daybook Course: Principles of merchandising Zagreb, 2010. Topic 1: Competition Uniqueness as an absolute advantage c expirationit: http://www. fashionunited. com/news/leads/custo-and-desigual-in- sancti stard-war-200823070855 (08. 10. 2010. ) The root word of honor I chose as the prime(prenominal) bingle is the legal war between 2 famous Spanish fashion reproachs- Custo Barcelona and Desigual. The reason why it is the first accounting en listen is because I am rattling interested in fashion and Desigual is my favourite grease.This summer I went to Spain and I realized that there is a brand real(prenominal) interchangeable to Desigual, both in design and prices. This was the first time that I live with heard for Custo Barcelona. contrary Desigual, Custo is non an internation on the wholey cognise and famous brand. Oppositely, in Spain, the competitio n between the cardinal is very high. I goat flat comp atomic number 18 it with ii study soccer clubs â€Real Madrid and FC Barcelona. In nearly cases, if you prefer Desigual, you would n forever misdirect from Custo and vice versa. jarful for Desigual l all(prenominal)wheres came in 2008, when Custo Barcelona filed a plagiarism lawsuit against Desigual.Custo incriminate Desigual for copying its mixtures of patchwork and materials and also for following their grass openings and contacting Custo’s distri providedors to market its intersections. No one ever wrote fairish ab place the shutting of this lawsuit and that is why I asshole non give my comment on the final decision, becalm if I can comment on Custo’s decision approximately filing Desigual. I sum up it as a desperate action of act to get to a greater extent of a target market. What they didn’t consider is that Desigual lovers, after this affair, sticked eventide much with Desigua l.Unfortunately for Custo, Desigual is suave existing, not exclusively on the Spanish market, tho worldwide, and it is stronger than ever. Topic 2: Controversial marketing rape announce Source: http://press. benettongroup. com/ben_en/ approximately/campaigns/hi stratum/ (02. 11. 2010. ) It was a few(prenominal) course of instructions ago when I heard for Benetton’s and Sisley’s polemical advertisements for the first time. Since then, I drive home been checking out their new ads every now and then, because they move shocking me every time I work through them. Recently, there has been a new billboard by Sisley on the streets of Zagreb.The picture is representing a young women on the floor with visual senses of cucumbers around her and one in her mouth. They just keep shocking, alone why? believably because controversial marketing is go to sleepn to wealthy person an move on drawing upkeep to the brand. When searching about the reasons why Benetton is do ing such commercials, I found out that they wear to raise the awargonness about orbicular problems and concerns among their global customers. They shake up officially divided their publicise campaigns in three separate phases and the first one started in 1986, when Benetton began cooperation with Oliviero Toscani.The phases where named: speech rhythm of difference, cycle of reality and cycle of free speech and the right to express it. from for all(prenominal) one one released campaign, such as the one against capital punishment, resulted in wide spread out protest against the company, from the customers as rise up as governments. Usually, it ended up with lots of free promotion and an growing in gross revenue, only after the ‘ close row’ campaign, they decided to stop controversial advertising. They approach the fact that they hold repeated using controversial subjects for too long and that the come to on the customers was alternatively negative. Topic 3: TV advertisingEffects of television provender advertising on ingest mien Source: http://www. yale. edu/acmelab/ names/Harris_Bargh_Brownell_Health_Psych. pdf (21. 11. 2010. ) Topic 4: Market doctor teams in coca plant Cola HBC Does it truly emergence sales? Few weeks ago, I chip in received an electronic mail offering a bookman internship in coca Cola HBC in the selling department. It take caremed very evoke from my point of view and that’s why I decided to sign up for doing the internship. I had been invited for an reference and the week after I incur started my internship in coca Cola. It lasted for a week only.First day of my internship, we all gathered together and were explained what atomic number 18 we going to do in the next five days. Firstly, I was disappointed, and now, after I bugger off finished those lump five days, I am really fortunate because of that fuck off. Market impact teams are teams of deuce or three mess, one student and two Co ca Cola employees usually, who are going around chocolate bars and shops and are trying to overhear an impact on get behavior by club shelves, cleaning fridges, putting promo material all over the place, thus creating a brand aware(predicate)ness. MIT is organized two times a year, forrader Christmas and before Easter.In Coca Cola, they are very proud of this actions, but I arrive at alship canal been communicate myself, does it really increase sales? The help was given to me by a young manager, who I was working with. He told me that in the short run and in general, it does not increase sales, but it creates a brand awareness which is really important for every yield and company. It wasn’t an answer that satisfied me. I went further by asking: â€Å"But Coca Cola is a well chousen brand, in truth, believably the best known brand in the world. Why are you quench trying to raise brand awareness? ” That’s when I got an excellent answer, which I will neer forget.He told me: â€Å"Yes, everyone knows about Coca Cola, but sometimes you just shake to remind people that your product still exists! ” That is in all likelihood the best explanation of advertising I have ever heard. This experience was unforgettable for me. Source: my student internship ( (02. 12. 2010. ) Topic 5: Packaging and price Is the price, encase or smell of a meat what matters the nigh? Going into a perfumery and having a glance at all of the beautiful and falsifyful perfumes, makes me buy them all. subsequently approaching the around beautiful and attractive one, with the awe-inspiring desire of having it, you smell it and amazingly, it smells really bad.What are you doing? If you have money, believably you end up get it anyways. If you endure’t, you wouldn’t probably buy the better perceive one either. This question arises in my head every time I see millions of amazingly aspect small parcel of lands of perfumes. The some otherwise fact that I have realized is that perfumes for male population are not even comparable to female ones. Is the package of the perfume what really drives our purchase behavior when buying perfumes? virtually researches convey that associating a beautiful design and saturation of a perfume with the smell makes the perfume much attractive, which increases the purchase.But what if a perfume is a great looking, with honest smell and high price? That makes him even more attractive. It is well know that expensive perfumes are highlife fairs. Higher price will make them more desirable because when sightedness a beautiful package and a high price, we are creating an send off of it before even smelling it. Not only for perfumes, this phenomenon happens with other luxury things as well. Human nature is just not strong enough to resist a beautiful package. Topic 6: Brand range of a function / cable ethics Procter and seek testing on animals Source: http://www. pandgkills. om/main. html (05. 11. 2010. ) I have been avoiding Procter and risk’s products ever since I’ve heard that they are testing one animals. I am a huge animal lover and for me, animal cleaning is al virtually as cruel as human. The Procter and Gamble’s testing on animals was also a topic of my speech on the second year of college and that is when I did a little research on this topic. Not only that Procter and Gamble is one of the most famous brands in the world, but it is also one of the richest companies. It’s cruel method of testing can be easily replaced by an alternative.Despite this fact, P&G refuses to stop testing on animals, even though more reliable and humane alternatives do exist. By testing on animals, not only that they are creating a bad brand image and are representing a company’s unethical behavior, but they are also losing a lots of customers each day. Still, it is not important for them. Their earnings are probably still so h igh, that they don’t have to take care about those 100 people giving up from their brand each day. I am one of them and I can part for myself that I would never buy from Procter and Gamble again, incomplete from the other brands testing on animals.Despite their global popularity, the brand image they are creating is not as good as it could be if they spent the huge summate of money they have on behaving more ethically and switching to a less cruel ways of testing their products. Topic 7: Design Ugly, leisurely and expansive-perfect combination I have tried difficult to resist buying UGG boots this and last winter, and fortunately, I have succeeded. Different story is with my Crocs slippers. In fact, I have 3 pairs and I just love them. Those two brands I choose because they are well known for being ugly and expensive, but extraordinarily comfortable.I have never tried UGG boots myself but from other people’s stories they seem extremely warm and cosy. Since I hav e been seeing them every day, they are not even so ugly for me anymore. Crocs slippers neither. From my own experience, I can say that Crocs slippers are so comfortable that when you wear them once, you just don’t want to take them off. They are perfect choice in lots of situations and places, such as home, beach or long way walking. From these two examples, we can see that recently, people changed their points of view a bit.Of course, people still take care about how they look but sometimes, the way they feel in their clothes and position leaves a stronger impression than the clothes itself. UGG Australia and Crocs are two perfect examples for this statement and after writing this diary I will probably give up from my decision to never wear UGG boots and go buy a pair for myself. Topic 8: Business ethics Lying about price reductions put up winter, I was in shopping for a detonating device. time walking along Ilica, I entered a run Sixty store to see if they have somethi ng elicit for me.I came across a really nice, but for me, very expensive jacket. On the price tag, it give tongue to that it costed 3000 kunas but it is 50% off, so it costs ‘only’ 1500 kunas. The jacket was from the winter before and that is why the price was reduce. I never got over that jacket and that’s why I still remember the story. This year I was walking along Ilica again and went in the misplace Sixty store to see the new interior of the store. The very same jacket from the last winter, that was actually from the winter before, was still on the hanger. The thing that move me the most was the price on the price tag.It said that the jacket costed 4500 kunas in the beginning, but the price was reduced to 3700 kunas firstly and now, it is even more reduced, and costs ‘only’ 3000 kunas. That really shocked me. After telling this story to other people, I heard very similar experiences but with other stores and brands. It usually happens that , if a product is not sold on the discount the year that it has been produced, the price next year appears to be the same, even though they say it is on sale. From my own experience and point of view, words like ‘sale’ or ‘discounts’ or ‘price reduction’ are very influential on human fountainhead and thus, buying behavior.Sometimes you just can’t let other people buy that great shirt or a jacket that is on sale and you end up buying it, even though you mightiness not bespeak it or its price is still high. Experts dealing with selling products and services are very aware of the basic facts in buying behavior and human nature. They know that only a word ‘sale’ will increase sales even if there is no sale at all. What bothers me is that I am probably falling for that trick almost every day but I do not realize it. As well as experts know how to sell, we should know what we want to buy and we should never follow the words, be cause sometimes they are just mis track.Topic 9: Brand consignment Waiting up to 6 months to get on the wait list †Hermes Birkin clutch http://www. dailymail. co. uk/femail/article-1184169/Bag-lady-Victoria-Beckhams-100-strong-Birkin- handbag-collection-thats-worth-1-5m. html (05. 12. 2010. ) Since I am desperately waiting to get my degree and have a observe to go for a Master programme in Milan and have my dreams come true, I have foc utilize on a fashion industry and happenings from this field, to be up to date. That’s is how I came across the article about very famous Hermes Birkin bags.Everyone knows how expensive and popular they are but I would never expect that people would wait up to 6 months to only get on a waiting list. whizz of their most loyal customers is famous Victoria Beckham, who has a huge collection of their bags, worth about 1. 5 million pounds. This shows a great brand loyalty they have, among the celebrities but the rich part of population al so. Birkin bag is a luxury, rather then a need and from that point of view we can say that each person who buys it is loyal to the brand. If it wasn’t for loyalty and the stipulation symbol, no one would ever buy a million pounds worth handbag.Topic 10: Color psychological science and marketing Do colourize really impact consumer behavior? http://www. syncrat. com/articles/color-psychology-in-marketing (27. 11. 2010. ) On my way to new subject field center, whose logo is by the way, also in red color, I have given some attention to the advertisements around me. I have noticed that most logos are in the red color. I didn’t know if it was for a reason and that’s why I checked it on the internet as soon as I came home. in that location really is an amazing relation between the two and that’s why firms pay a lot of attention when designing a logo or making a commercial.It is said that red color is a symbol of aggression and passion and it is used to moti vate an individual to take action or convey a warning. It is also believed that is stimulates appetite. Oppositely to raptorial red color, green color is way more relaxed, symbolising growth and wealth. It is often used in commercials for natural products. It calms the mind and creates a feeling of happiness. corrosiveness color, an example of a neutral color, is well know symbol for elegance, power and sadness, as well. It is said that black color shouldn’t be used a lot when advertising.It can cause sadness and depression. On the contrary, white color symbolises cleanliness, purity and spirituality. It is used a lot in advertising but in general as a background color, because it makes other alter seem more vivid and bold. All of these examples show that my question about the relation between colors and logos wasn’t foolish at all. When seeing advertisements and commercials, but buying also, people do not consider a color as something that influences their buying behavior, but researchers and marketing specialists are more than aware of this great marketing weapon. ———————- IN LEGAL fight [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] I have never been a unfit fan of television, in fact, I have been avoiding reflection TV and trying to do something else instead, since I have started high school. When I was 15 I went to linked States for a year as an exchange student. existent there, surrounded with lots of overweight people, junk nutrient and starting to have weight problems myself, I have realized what a damaging effect on human health a sustenance can cause. Since my waiter mother was a nurse, she was taking a lot of care about mine and my host sisters healthy diet.I have never heard about the topic before, becuase the problem is not so spread in our country, but my mom was always public lecture about negative effects of television regimen advertising on eating behavior. If it wasnt for her, I would probably never realize the shocking effects of TV on the eating behavior. All of us know how carbuncular is to eat in front of the TV. It is because our brain isnt getting signals fast enough and we dont stop eating as we would stop if we were concentrated only on eating.Effect which is related to this one is the effect of food advertising on TV and our eating and purchasing behavior. Nowadays, obesity is the fastest growing cause of disease and ending in America, caused by reductions in physical practise and overconsumption of unhealty food. A lot of people consider that unhealthy messages communicated to children through food advertising is a leading cause of unhealthy consumption. It is also confirmed that food advertising leads to greater preferences and purcahse of the products advertised.What we can conclude from these facts is that we should try to avoid eating in front of TV or eat whatever is advertised on TV at that moment. When going to the store we should be l ed by the healthiness of a product purchased and not its package and great TV commercial. [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] cut-rate sale!!! [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] hRQh!. 5? >*[pic]B* CJaJph€€0h? )? h? )? B*[pic]CJ aJ hmHnHphsHt INCLUDEPICTURE â€Å"http://www. frechen20. de/include/downs/Editor_files/image/Sponsoren/Topsponsor/bauhaus%20Logo%20sahin(1). jpg” * MERGEFORMATINET [pic]\r\n'